Belarus
is a landlocked country of just under 10,000,000 people in Eastern Europe that
borders Lithuania and Latvia to the north, Russia
to the north and east, Ukraine
to the south and Poland
to the west. Its capital is Minsk; other major
cities include Brest, Grodno,
Gomel, Mogilev, Vitebsk and Bobruisk.
A third of the country is forested, and agriculture and manufacturing are its
strongest economic sectors. The agricultural industry was devastated following
the Chernobyl
disaster as contaminated products were rejected by former export customers.
Until the 20th century, the lands of modern-day Belarus belonged to several countries, including
the Duchy of Polatsk, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,
and the Russian Empire. After the short-lived Belarusian People's Republic
(1918–19), The Byelorussian SSR., also know as White Russia became part of the Soviet Union,
The unification of Belarusian lands within its modern
borders took place in 1939, when the ethnically Belarusian lands that had been
part of interwar Poland were annexed by the USSR and attached to the Soviet
Belarus. The territory and its nation were devastated in World War II, during
which Belarus
lost about a quarter of its population and more than half of its economic
resources. Belarus
at least partially recovered in the post-war years and became one of the
founding members of the United Nations. The parliament of the republic declared
the sovereignty of Belarus
on July 27, 1990, and, Belarus
declared independence following the collapse of the Soviet
Union on August 25, 1991. Alexander Lukashenko has been the
country's president since 1994. During his presidency Lukashenko has implemented Soviet-era
policies.
Most of Belarus's
population reside in the urban areas surrounding Minsk and other oblast (regional) capitals. More
than 80% of the population are native Belarusian’s, with sizable minorities of
Russians, Ukrainians and Poles. The country has two official languages:
Belarusian and Russian and the government will accept documents in the language
of diplomacy, French. Belarus
does not have an official religion; the primary religion in the country is
Russian Orthodox Catholic, there are Roman Catholic Communities and Protestant Churches
have been growing rapidly since 1990. The Jewish community which once
represented 20% of the population all but disappeared during the Second World
War.
Although considerably further north, the climate of Belarus is very similar to Southern Ontario and Western New York, as is the flora
and fauna. There are considerable cultural and economic differences, however
the people are both friendly and hospitable and we have much more in common
than the politicians would lead us to believe.